Canada's updated citizenship legislation took effect on December 15, addressing long-standing concerns about fairness for families living abroad. Bill C-3 repeals prior restrictions that prevented some Canadians from passing citizenship to their children born abroad. Those who would have qualified under the old first-generation limit can now apply for citizenship documentation. Going forward, Canadian parents born abroad may grant citizenship to their children if they can prove three years of residence in Canada before the child's birth or adoption. The changes follow a 2023 court ruling that found earlier provisions unconstitutional.